Center v. Center

• Decision Date: 13 September 1977
• Docket Number: No. 20510,20510
• Parties: Maxwell O. CENTER, Sr., Respondent-Appellant, v. Maxwell O. CENTER, Jr., and Mildred S. Center, of whom Mildred S. Center is the Appellant-Respondent.
• Court: South Carolina Supreme Court

Page 491

237 S.E.2d 491

269 S.C. 367

Maxwell O. CENTER, Sr., Respondent-Appellant, v. Maxwell O. CENTER, Jr., and Mildred S. Center, of whom

Mildred S. Center is the Appellant-Respondent.

No. 20510.

Supreme Court of South Carolina.

Sept. 13, 1977.

Victoria L. Eslinger, of Eslinger & Knowles, Columbia, for appellant-respondent.

George F. Townes, Greenville, for respondent-appellant.

GREGORY, Justice.

This is a cross appeal from two orders of the lower court in a malicious prosecution action. Mrs. Center appeals an order dated July 12, 1976, refusing to vacate a default judgment entered against her. Both Mrs. Center and Maxwell O. Center, Sr. (Mr. Center) appeal an order dated July 30, 1976, reducing the award of punitive damages from $47,500 to $25,000. We affirm the lower court's refusal to vacate and reverse the reduction of punitive damages.

In August 1972, while Mr. and Mrs. Center were separated, Mr. Center returned to the family home to retrieve his tractor and numerous items of personal property. Maxwell O. Center, Jr. (Maxwell, Jr.) believing the tractor belonged to him, swore out an arrest warrant for his father charging him with grand larceny. At the time Maxwell, Jr., lived at home with his mother.

With Maxwell, Jr.'s consent, the Solicitor nol prossed the case on or about August 25, 1972.

The matters now before this Court on appeal have their origins in a malicious prosecution action brought by Mr. Center against Maxwell, Jr., and Mrs. Center. Mrs. Center was served by leaving a copy of the summons and complaint with Maxwell, Jr., on May 15, 1974. Mrs. Center was out of the State at this time caring for an ill brother and the record does not indicate when she returned home. Maxwell, Jr., did not deliver the papers to his mother until July 1974. Mr. Center secured a default judgment against his wife in June 1974, and was awarded by the court $350 actual damages and $47,500 punitive damages. The record does not indicate why no judgment was obtained against Maxwell, Jr.

Although Mrs. Center received the summons and complaint from her son in July 1974, she made no attempt to vacate or set aside the judgment and award against her until September 26, 1975, some fourteen months later. By order dated July 12, 1976, this motion was denied.

On July 30, 1976, an in-chambers hearing without testimony was held and by order of that date the punitive damages awarded Mr. Center were reduced from $47,500 to $25,000.

Mrs. Center argues that the judgment should have been vacated under Section 10-1213 of the 1962 Code of Laws of South Carolina (now codified as Section 15-27-130 of the 1976 Code) because she applied for the relief prescribed by that statute within one year after receiving actual notice of the judgment. She further argues that the judgment should have been set aside because it was procured by means of extrinsic fraud.

Section 15-27-130 of the 1976 Code provides that "at any time within one year of notice thereof" the circuit court may relieve a party from a judgment "taken against him through his mistake, inadvertence or excusable neglect." Because Mrs. Center had constructive notice of the judgment against her on June 27, 1974, the date it was enrolled, her right to apply for relief under the statute no longer existed by the time she finally sought to have the judgment set aside. In Weathers v. Gary, 228 S.C. 105, 88 S.E.2d 871 (1955), we said:

When the judgment was enrolled, knowledge thereof was imputed to defendant and such adjudication ought not to be set aside, and it cannot be set aside unless the method provided by Code Section 10-1213 (Section 15-27-130, 1976 Code) is strictly followed. An essential provision of this Section is to apply for relief within one year. Witt v. Leysath, 160 S.C. 251, 158 S.E. 226. Also, see Anderson v. Toledo Scale Co., 192 S.C. 300, 6 S.E.2d 465.

While Section 15-27-130 is designed to "relieve a party from a judgment taken against him through his mistake, inadvertence, surprise or excusable neglect" it "was never intended to protect the . . . indifferent." Pruitte v. Burns, 212 S.C. 325, 47 S.E.2d 785, 787 (1948).

The one year time limit imposed by Section 15-27-130 applies only to those causes listed in the statute and has no effect on the equity power of a court to set aside a judgment procured by fraud. Ex Parte Carroll, 17 S.C. 446 (1882); Ex Parte Gray, 48 S.C. 566, 26 S.E. 786 (1897).

In Bryan v. Bryan, 220 S.C. 164, 66 S.E.2d 609 (1951), we stated the rule as to when equitable relief from a judgment may be obtained:

There is no doubt that a court of equity has inherent power to grant relief from a judgment on the ground of fraud. However, not every fraud is sufficient to move a court of equity to grant relief from a judgment. Generally speaking, in order to secure equitable relief, it must appear that the fraud was extrinsic or collateral to the question examined and determined in the action in which the judgment was rendered; intrinsic fraud is not sufficient for equitable relief. 66 S.E.2d at 610.

See also: Wold v. Funderburg, 250 S.C. 205, 157 S.E.2d 180 (1967).

Although Mrs. Center's failure to actually receive the summons and complaint until after entry of the judgment would have entitled her to relief under Section 15-27-130 if she had made timely application, such is not extrinsic fraud. It is conceded that service of the summons and complaint complied with Section 15-9-520 and there is no evidence of collusion between father and son.

Any question as to the presence of extrinsic fraud was decided by the lower court's refusal to vacate the judgment and Mrs. Center has not satisfied this Court that the lower court's finding is against the preponderance of the evidence. Townes Associates, Ltd. v. City of Greenville, 266 S.C. 81, 221 S.E.2d 773 (1976).

Both parties appeal the lower court's order dated July 30, 1976,...