Molinari v. City of Boston

• Decision Date: 30 December 1955
• Citation: 333 Mass. 394,130 N.E.2d 925
• Parties: Marie MOLINARI & Mary Molinarl v. The CITY OF BOSTON.
• Court: United States State Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts Supreme Court

Page 925

130 N.E.2d 925

333 Mass. 394

Marie MOLINARI & Mary Molinarl v. The CITY OF BOSTON.

Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts, Suffolk.

Argued Nov. 8, 1955.

Decided Dec. 30, 1955.

Charles F. Nayor, Boston, for plaintiffs.

Arthur G. Coffey, Asst. Corp. Counsel, Boston, for defendant.

Before QUA, C. J., and RONAN, WILKINS, WILLIAMS and WHITTEMORE, JJ.

WILLIAMS, Justice.

The plaintiffs appeal from an order of the Superior Court sustaining the defendant's demurrer to their amended declaration. In count 1 it is alleged that the plaintiff Marie Molinari on January 25, 1954, while a pupil in attendance at the Christopher Gibson School, a public school of the defendant, was 'wilfully and recklessly ordered and compelled by an agent and/or employee of the defendant to assume and occupy a position of danger to her health and safety; to wit, a position in * * * [the] classroom close to an exposed, extremely hot and dangerous steam radiator and/or pipes, which * * * were so constructed, maintained and/or operated by the defendant, its agents, servants and/or employees as to be and constitute a nuisance to the plaintiff in her person and property in the position which the plaintiff was required and compelled to assume and occupy in said classroom; and that as a result thereof, the plaintiff was caused to sustain * * * injuries and damage to her person and property * * *.'

In count 2 the plaintiff Mary Molinari, mother of Marie, alleges consequential damage.

The defendant avers as ground for demurrer that the declaration sets forth no legal cause of action.

The duty to provide and maintain schoolhouses properly furnished for the accommodation of children entitled to attend the public schools is imposed by general law upon all towns and cities in the Commonwealth. G.L.(Ter.Ed.) c. 71, § 1, as amended; § 68, as appearing in St.1934, c. 97, § 1. Hill v. Boston, 122 Mass. 344. Unless the municipality otherwise directs, the general charge of the schoolhouses is vested in the school committee, §§ 37 and 68, which shall 'keep them in good order, and shall, at the expense of the town [or city] * * * provide fuel and all other things necessary for the comfort of the pupils', § 68. See Ring v. Woburn, 311 Mass. 679, 43 N.E.2d 8; Hayes v. Brockton, 313 Mass. 641, 48 N.E.2d 683.

The committee is a board of public officers whose duties are prescribed by statute, and in the execution of its duties the members act not as agents of the municipality but as public officers. McKenna v. Kimball, 145 Mass. 555, 14 N.E. 789; Warburton v. Quincy, 309 Mass. 111, 114, 34 N.E.2d 661. Its powers include the employment not only of teachers but also of janitors and custodians, Ring v. Woburn, supra, 311 Mass. at page 687, 43 N.E.2d 8, and the absolute right to fix their salaries. Watt v. Chelmsford, 323 Mass. 697, 700, 84 N.E.2d 28; Ring v. Woburn, supra. No other officer has authority over the maintenance of schoolhouses. McKenna v. Kimball, supra.

It is settled that the municipality is not liable for the torts of public officers or for those of their agents and servants acting in the discharge of the public duties imposed upon them. Reitano v. Haverhill, 309 Mass. 118, 122, 34 N.E.2d 665. This principle applies to the 'negligent or tortious acts' of those charged with the conduct of the public schools or with the construction and maintenance of schoolhouses. Bolster v. Lawrence, 225 Mass. 387, 389, 114 N.E. 722, L.R.A.1917B, 1285. See Bigelow v. Randolph, 14 Gray 541; Hill v. Boston, 122 Mass. 344; Sullivan v. Boston, 126 Mass. 540, 542; Howard v. Worcester, 153 Mass. 426, 27 N.E. 11, 12 L.R.A. 160; Kelley v. Boston, 186 Mass. 165, 71 N.E. 299...