Monteiro v. Monteiro

• Decision Date: 02 March 2011
• Docket Number: No. 3D10–1602.,3D10–1602.
• Citation: 55 So.3d 686
• Parties: Hamilton MONTEIRO, Petitioner,v.Monica MONTEIRO, Respondent.
• Court: Florida District Court of Appeals

55 So.3d 686

Hamilton MONTEIRO, Petitioner,

v.Monica MONTEIRO, Respondent.

No. 3D10–1602.

District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.

March 2, 2011.

Boies, Schiller & Flexner, and Charles Fox Miller, Hollywood, for petitioner.Schweitzer & Schweitzer–Ramras, and Darlene Schweitzer–Ramras, Coral Gables, for respondent.

Before RAMIREZ, C.J., and SUAREZ and SALTER, JJ.

RAMIREZ, C.J.

Hamilton Monteiro petitions this Court for a Writ of Certiorari in which he requests that we quash the trial court's order of March 21, 2010, which mandated the in-camera examination of the minor children of the marriage, outside the presence of the parties and their counsel, at a final domestic violence injunction hearing. Because we conclude that the trial court did not depart from the essential requirements of law, we deny certiorari.

The original proceeding in the circuit court consists of an action for dissolution of marriage between Hamilton Monteiro, the husband, and Monica Monteiro, the wife. Four domestic violence petition actions were then consolidated with the dissolution of marriage case. The domestic violence actions involve one petition filed on behalf of the wife, which was filed on the same day as the filing of the dissolution of marriage action by the husband. The other three domestic violence petitions were filed on behalf of each of the three minor children. These three petitions were filed after the husband was arrested on September 17, 2009, as a result of the alleged sexual abuse by the husband regarding the three minor girls.

With respect to the trial court's March 21, 2010 order under review, which was entered with respect to the four domestic violence petitions, the trial court stated that it would conduct an in-camera interview “of at least the two oldest Minor Children, privately and outside the presence of counsel and outside the presence of the parties, before the testimony of any and all other witnesses.” The court further ordered that it reserved the right to determine whether an in-camera interview of the youngest child would be conducted, also privately and outside the presence of counsel and outside the presence of the parties.

The husband argues in his petition for writ of common law certiorari that the trial court's order violates his due process rights because an interview of the minor children without the presence of counsel or the parties deprives him of a meaningful opportunity to be heard. We disagree.

Common law certiorari is an extraordinary remedy which should not be used to circumvent the interlocutory appeal rule in which only a few types of non-final orders are appealable. Martin–Johnson, Inc. v. Savage, 509 So.2d 1097, 1098 (Fla.1987). Erroneous interlocutory rulings that can be corrected by common law certiorari are extremely rare and relief will be provided only in very few cases where common law certiorari will be the appropriate relief. Id. at 1098–99. Moreover, as the moving party, the petitioner has the burden to demonstrate the departure from the essential requirements of the law. See Shook v. Alter, 715 So.2d 1082, 1083 (Fla. 4th DCA 1998).

The husband has not shown how the trial court departed from the essential requirements of the law. The husband has not cited to any authority which requires that the trial court submit the minor children to cross-examination by the husband's counsel in the domestic violence action. Moreover, he has cited to no authority which requires the trial court to have the husband or his counsel present during any in-camera examination of the children in a domestic violence case. Consequently, there can be no departure from the essential requirements of law because the trial court did not violate any established principles of law when it entered the subject order.

Furthermore, Florida Family Law Rules of Procedure and case law support the trial court's conclusion. Florida Family Law Rule of Procedure 12.407, “Testimony and Attendance of Minor Child,” states the following:

No minor child shall be deposed or brought to a deposition, brought to court to appear as a witness or to attend a hearing, or subpoenaed to appear at a hearing without prior order of the court based on good cause shown unless in an emergency situation. This provision shall not apply to uncontested adoption proceedings.

As the wife correctly points out, this rule is applicable to domestic violence proceedings. See Fla. Fam. R. P. 12.010(a).

In addition, the wife correctly argues under Hickey v. Burlinson, 33 So.3d 827 (Fla. 5th DCA 2010), that a parent's due process rights are protected by the mere presence of a court reporter in an in-camera interview without counsel or parties present. In Hickey, the mother petitioned for writ of certiorari following the trial court's denial of her motion to temporarily halt visitation between her two minor children and their father. Id. at 828. The mother alleged that the father was abusing alcohol during his visitation and, thus, endangering the children's safety. The mother requested an abatement of visitation pending a determination of the extent of the father's alcohol consumption and the danger posed to the children. Id. In addition, she requested, pursuant to Florida Family Law Rule of Procedure 12.407, leave for the minor children to attend and testify at the hearing. The trial court granted the motion and instructed the mother's counsel to arrange a date and time for the children to testify. Id.

The mother and the children appeared at the hearing with counsel and a court reporter. Id. The mother objected when the trial court requested the children's presence in chambers for their testimony, but would not allow the court reporter to be present. The trial court then asked the mother to withdraw her rule 12.407 motion. Id. The mother refused, stating that without the children's testimony there was no evidence of the alleged alcohol abuse, and therefore, she would not be able to meet her burden to provide record evidence in support of the motion. Id. The trial court refused to conduct the interview with the court reporter present and denied the motion to abate visitation for lack of evidence. Id.

On appeal to the Fifth District Court of Appeal, the mother contended, among other things, that an in-camera evidentiary inquiry outside the presence of the court reporter precluded judicial review and also denied her due process. Id. at 829. The district court held that having granted the motion to allow the testimony of the children, the trial court erred when it disallowed the recording of the children's in-camera testimony. Id. The court stated that this was because due process required that the party seeking to modify visitation demonstrate that there has been a material change in circumstances and that modification was required to protect the child's best interest. Id. It is abundantly clear that the only method for the wife here, like the wife in Hickey, to prove her case was through the introduction of the children's testimony. See also Hathcock v. Hathcock, 680 So.2d 564 (Fla. 1st DCA 1996); Nowak v. Nowak, 546 So.2d at 123.

Moreover, Florida Family Law Rule of Procedure 12.407 and Hickey also make it clear that the children's interests are of the utmost importance in domestic and sexual violence cases. See Hickey, 33 So.3d at 829 (citing to Nowak, 546 So.2d at 123). Because of the delicate nature of the in-camera interview of minor children, the trial court has discretion to determine how the best interests of the children are to be protected. In fact, section 92.55, Florida Statutes (2010), entitled “Judicial or other proceedings involving victim or witness under the age of 16 or person with mental retardation; special protections,” states, in pertinent part, the following:

(1) Upon motion of any party, upon motion of a parent, guardian, attorney, or guardian ad litem for a child under the age of 16 or person with mental retardation, or upon its own motion, the court may enter any order...