Smith v. State, A89A0704

• Decision Date: 14 July 1989
• Docket Number: No. A89A0704,A89A0704
• Citation: 386 S.E.2d 370,192 Ga.App. 604
• Parties: SMITH v. The STATE.
• Court: Georgia Court of Appeals

Page 370

386 S.E.2d 370

192 Ga.App. 604

SMITH v. The STATE.

No. A89A0704.

Court of Appeals of Georgia.

July 14, 1989.

Rehearing Denied July 31, 1989.

Certiorari Denied Sept. 7, 1989.

Lane & Tucker, Alan D. Tucker, Brunswick, for appellant.

Richard H. Taylor, Sol., for appellee.

BENHAM, Judge.

This appeal is from the trial court's denial of appellant's motion for discharge and acquittal. Appellant filed his demand for trial under OCGA § 17-7-170 on March 24, 1988, during the March term of court. A jury was impaneled (April 4-6) during the March term, after his demand, and appellant was not tried during that term. Nor was he tried during the next succeeding term (May term) in which a jury was impaneled (May 2-4). "[W]here demand is made and two terms of court expire, at both of which juries are impaneled and qualified to try the defendant, then discharge and acquittal must follow. [Cits.]" Bush v. State, 152 Ga.App. 598, 599, 263 S.E.2d 499 (1979). "[T]he defendant's discharge takes place by operation of law." Thornton v. State, 7 Ga.App. 752, 753(1), 67 S.E. 1055 (1910). (Emphasis supplied.) "[N]o motion to acquit is necessary, but the discharge of the accused results automatically, by operation of law...." Bishop v. State, 11 Ga.App. 296, 297, 75 S.E. 165 (1912). (Emphasis supplied.) Thus, appellant was automatically discharged at the close of the May term. Therefore, since appellant was automatically discharged at the close of the May term, the State's reliance on appellant's September term purported waiver of his demand for trial is misplaced.

The dissent is based on the proposition that appellant waived his demand for speedy trial by filing a motion to suppress. However, the quote from State v. Waters, 170 Ga.App. 505(3), 317 S.E.2d 614 (1984), on which the dissent is based omits a crucial portion of the ruling in Waters. A more complete reading of the sentence is as follows: "[B]y filing a motion to suppress, a defendant effectively consents to a delay of his trial pending final resolution of the issue of evidentiary admissibility, if the motion is granted and the State elects to have that appellate determination made." Id. It is readily apparent from reading that language that there is no waiver unless the motion is granted and the State elects to appeal. In Waters, the motion was granted and the State appealed; in the present case, the motion was not even heard. Appellant did nothing to delay bringing his case to trial and the record is devoid of any waiver by him of his demand for trial.

The trial court's denial of appellant's motion for discharge and acquittal was error.

Judgment reversed.

CARLEY, C.J., DEEN and BANKE, P.JJ., and BIRDSONG, SOGNIER and POPE, JJ., concur.

McMURRAY, P.J., concurs in judgment only.

BEASLEY, J., dissents.

BEASLEY, Judge, dissenting.

When defendant filed his demand for trial under OCGA § 17-7-170 he also filed a motion to suppress evidence. "[B]y filing a motion to suppress, a defendant effectively consents to a delay of his trial pending final resolution of the issue of evidentiary admissibility ...." State v. Waters, 170 Ga.App. 505, 508(3), 317 S.E.2d 614 (1984). He cannot say he is both ready for trial and not ready for trial at the same time. By calling for a pretrial hearing, he "waived his right to trial during that term," in the words of Wilson v. State, 181 Ga.App. 337, 338(1), 352 S.E.2d 189 (1986).

He clearly stood on the motion, and on his motion for a Jackson v. Denno hearing if there were any statements, until the motions were set for hearing. Stipulated into the record is a September 9 letter from defendant's counsel to the solicitor, which states that "it will not be necessary to hear the motions in the above-referenced cases [including defendant's]. Please feel free to excuse your witnesses." By filing the motion he, in the words of Thornton v. State, 7 Ga.App. 752, 67 S.E. 1055 (1910), "affirmatively show[ed] an intention not to insist upon his demand." When the case was called in court for motions on September 12, the State announced ready and defense counsel announced that his client was available but he was withdrawing his motions. No objection was registered by defendant when the case was then declared by the judge as ready for trial.

Defendant moved for discharge and acquittal in the next term, in...