Ramos Iron Works, Inc. v. Franklin Const. Co., Inc.

• Decision Date: 11 April 1978
• Parties: RAMOS IRON WORKS, INC. v. FRANKLIN CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, INC.
• Court: Connecticut Supreme Court

Page 461

392 A.2d 461

174 Conn. 583

RAMOS IRON WORKS, INC. v. FRANKLIN CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, INC.

Supreme Court of Connecticut.

Argued Jan. 4, 1978.

Decided April 11, 1978.

Henry S. Marlor, Jr., Naugatuck, with whom was N. Warren Hess, III, Naugatuck, for appellant (plaintiff).

Joseph H. Pellegrino, New Haven, with whom, on the brief, was Bernard Pellegrino, New Haven, for appellee (defendant).

Before HOUSE, C. J., and LOISELLE, BOGDANSKI, LONGO and SPEZIALE, JJ.

HOUSE, Chief Justice.

The plaintiff, Ramos, pursuant to the provisions of § 52-418 of the General Statutes, applied to the Superior Court to enter an order vacating an arbitration award, claiming that the arbitrators had exceeded their powers or so imperfectly executed them that a mutual, final and definite award was not made. The defendant, Franklin, filed a cross application pursuant to the provisions of § 52-417 requesting an order confirming the award. Following a hearing, the court denied the plaintiff's application to vacate and granted the defendant's application to confirm the award. From that judgment, the plaintiff Ramos has appealed.

The court's finding, which is not subject to material correction, reveals the following: On November 7, 1973, in open court during proceedings seeking a prejudgment remedy in the form of replevin, the parties agreed upon specific details for performance of certain provisions of an existing construction contract between them and also stipulated and agreed that "if following the completion of this job there are any differences concerning this job between the parties, they will have those differences resolved through arbitration." On March 3, 1975, Franklin addressed to Ramos and filed with the American Arbitration Association a "Demand for Arbitration." The demand contained the following recitation: "Nature of Dispute: Contractual Dispute. Claim of Relief Sought: Overpayment on Contract $24,611. Claim for Delays $150,000." Ramos subsequently filed with the arbitration association an answer denying the claims of Franklin and, in addition, filed a counterclaim which stated the following: "Nature of Dispute: Contractual Dispute. Claim of Relief Sought: Amount due on written contract plus extra work provided; damages for breach of written contract including costs of storage, rehandling and interest for unlawful detention of money. Amount Claimed: $35,000." On September 29, 1975, the arbitrators filed their unanimous award, awarding a total of $76,967.98 on the claims made by Franklin and $24,545.00 on the counterclaims of Ramos, resulting in a net sum awarded to Franklin "after consideration of claims and counterclaims," of $52,422.98.

In its appeal from the judgment of the trial court confirming the award, the plaintiff Ramos has pressed several claims of error. It first claims error in the court's denial of its application to vacate the award on the grounds that "the arbitrators based their award on a nonexistent agreement to arbitrate." Although the plaintiff does not contest the arbitrability of the dispute and agrees that the authority of the arbitrators "came from the stipulation of the parties dated November 7, 1973," it argues that the award cannot stand since, in its preamble, the award incorrectly cited the date of the underlying contract, March 23, 1973, instead of November 7, 1973, as the date of the agreement to arbitrate. Such a grasping for straws does little to indicate strength in the plaintiff's appeal. ¹ The record indicates no confusion whatsoever concerning the contractual dispute which was the subject of Franklin's claim and Ramos' counterclaim for arbitration. It is not disputed that the parties did agree to submit this contractual dispute to arbitration and the actual date of that agreement was not a material factor in any way related to the merits of the dispute. In fact, it was not mentioned in the award itself but only in the preamble. It was a detail which neither the law nor the submission had made it the duty of the arbitrators to observe; In re Curtis-Castle Arbitration, 64 Conn. 501, 513, 30 A. 769; and obviously had no effect on the justice of the award as a whole or the rights of the parties. See 5 Am.Jur.2d, Arbitration and Award, § 169. The parties' actual submission of their dispute to arbitration renders immaterial the exact date on which they initially agreed to do so and the preamble's incorrect reference to the date of the agreement to arbitrate is not such a mistake of fact as to justify setting aside the award. Liggett v. Torrington Building Co., 114 Conn. 425, 431, 158 A. 917; 6 C.J.S. Arbitration § 154.

The plaintiff further claims that the court erred in denying its application to vacate the award on the ground that the arbitrators exceeded their powers and imperfectly executed them so that a mutual, final and definite award on the subject matter submitted was not made. As a basis for this claim, the plaintiff asserts that the court was in error (a) in concluding that the submission was unrestricted, (b) in not concluding that the arbitrators imperfectly executed their powers because they did not make any specific findings with respect to all the claims of the parties, and (c) in concluding that the award was definite and in conformity with the submission.

The present claim of the plaintiff that the submission was a restricted one is in direct conflict with the claim of law which it submitted to the trial court. Before that court, the plaintiff claimed: "The submission to the arbitrators was not restricted and thus they were bound to decide according to law." In its brief submitted to this court, the plaintiff asserts: "When the demand for arbitration, answer and counterclaim are considered as one integral part comprising the submission, it is clear that the submission in the instant case is restricted."

"Arbitration is a creature of contract and the parties themselves, by the agreement of submission, define the powers of the arbitrator. Connecticut Union of Telephone Workers, Inc. v. Southern New England Telephone Co., 148 Conn. 192, 197, 169 A.2d 646; Niles-Bement-Pond Co. v. Amalgamated Local 405, 140 Conn. 32, 36, 97 A.2d 898. . . . Thus, in deciding whether arbitrators have 'exceeded their powers,' as that phrase is used in § 52-418(d), courts need only examine the submission and the award to determine whether the award conforms to the submission. Board of Education v. Bridgeport Education Assn., supra, 173 Conn. 287, 291, 377 A.2d 323; Norwich Roman Catholic Diocesan Corporation v. Southern New England Contracting Co., 164 Conn. 472, 477, 325 A.2d 274." Board of Education v. Waterbury Teachers' Assn., 174 Conn. 123, 127, 384 N.E.2d 350.

As we have already noted, the parties agreed in open court that "if following the completion of this job there are any differences concerning this job between the parties, they will have those differences resolved through arbitration." The submission consisted of Franklin's demand for arbitration which defined the "Nature of Dispute" as "Contractual Dispute" and the relief sought as "Overpayment on Contract $24,611. Claim for Delays $150,000." Ramos' counterclaim filed with the arbitrators simply recited that the nature of the dispute involved was a "Contractual Dispute" and by way of relief requested an award for amounts due on the written contract plus extra work provided, along with damages for breach of the contract. Neither party in the arbitration proceedings specifically set forth any particular questions which it desired to have answered by the arbitrators. See Local 63, Textile Workers Union v. Cheney Bros., 141 Conn. 606, 613, 109 A.2d 240, cert. denied, 348 U.S. 959, 75 S.Ct. 449, 450, 99 L.Ed. 748. The parties had agreed without limitation to submit to arbitration "any differences concerning this job between the parties." "(T)his job" was the performance of the construction contract which was the "Contractual Dispute" stated in the submission to the arbitrators. "We reiterate the rule which applies herein that the question of what is subject to arbitration is for the arbitrators under the broad and all-embracing language of the contract. College Plaza, Inc. v. Harlaco, Inc., 152 Conn. 707, 708, 206 A.2d 832. Specific designation of arbitrable matters is unnecessary where the language of the...